standard
standard 英 [ˈstændəd] 美 [ˈstændərd]
n. 标准；水准 adj. 标准的
名词复数:standards
- A standard is an ideal or set of criteria that you use to judge things against. Colleges have certain standards for applicants, like a minimum SAT score or an above average grade point average.
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- n. 标准；水准
- adj. 标准的
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1. a fall in academic standards
学术水准的下降
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2. The standard of this year's applications is very low.
今年的申请标准很低。
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3. Her work is not up to standard.
她的工作不合格。
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4. Who sets the standard for water quality?
水质标准由谁来制订？
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5. It was a simple meal by Eddie's standards.
在埃迪看来，那不过是一顿便饭。
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6. a man of high moral standards
道德水准高的人
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7. Standards aren't what they used to be.
现在的行为标准和过去不一样了。
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8. industry standards
工业标准
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9. A standard letter was sent to all candidates.
给所有求职者均寄去了一封标准函。
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10. the standard rate of tax
标准税率
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11. standard sizes of clothes
服装的标准尺寸
- standard (adj.) 1620s, "serving as a standard," from standard (adj.). Earlier it meant "upright" (1530s). Standard-bred "bred up to some agreed-upon standard of excellence" is from 1888.
- standard (n.1) mid-12c., "flag or other conspicuous object to serve as a rallying point for a military force," from shortened form of Old French estandart "military standard, banner." According to Barnhart, Watkins and others, this is probably from Frankish *standhard, literally "stand fast or firm," a compound of unrecorded Frankish words cognate stand (v.) and hard (adj.). So called because the flag was fixed to a pole or spear and stuck in the ground to stand upright. The other theory [OED, etc.] calls this folk-etymology and connects the Old French word to estendre "to stretch out," from Latin extendere (see extend). Some senses (such as "upright pole," mid-15c.) seem to be influenced by if not from stand (v.). Standard-bearer in the figurative sense is from 1560s.
- standard (n.2) "weight, measure, or instrument by which the accuracy of others is determined," late 14c., from standard (n.1) "military standard, banner," a particular use in English of this word, but the sense evolution is "somewhat obscure" [OED]. The standard weights and measures were set by royal ordinance and were known as the king's standard, so perhaps metaphoric, the royal standard coming to stand for royal authority in matters like setting weights and measures. Hence the meaning "authoritative or recognized exemplar of quality or correctness" (late 15c.). Meaning "rule, principal or means of judgment" is from 1560s. That of "definite level of attainment" is attested from 1711 (as in standard of living, 1903).
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