- Short describes something that is not as long as usual. If your childhood bed is too short for you, your feet will dangle over the edge, and if a school day is short, you'll get out early.
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- adj. 短的；矮的，
- n. 短；缺乏；短裤
- adv. 不足；缺少
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1. a short skirt
短裙
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2. a short break.
一个短假。
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3. He is short and fat.
他又矮又胖。
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4. They are, in short, old-fashioned.
他们，一句话，已经过时了。
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5. Money was short at that time.
那时候，钱紧缺。
- short (adj.) Old English sceort, scort "short, not long, not tall; brief," probably from Proto-Germanic *skurta- (source also of Old Norse skorta "to be short of," skort "shortness;" Old High German scurz "short"), from PIE root *sker- (1) "to cut," on the notion of "something cut off" (compare Sanskrit krdhuh "shortened, maimed, small;" Latin curtus "short," cordus "late-born," originally "stunted in growth;" Old Church Slavonic kratuku, Russian korotkij "short;" Lithuanian skursti "to be stunted," skardus "steep;" Old Irish cert "small," Middle Irish corr "stunted, dwarfish," all from the same root).
- short (n.) 1580s, the short "the result, the total," from short (adj.). Meaning "electrical short circuit" first recorded 1906 (see short circuit). Meaning "contraction of a name or phrase" is from 1873 (as in for short). Slang meaning "car" is attested from 1897; originally "street car," so called because street cars (or the rides taken in them) were "shorter" than railroad cars.
- short (v.) Old English sceortian "to grow short, become short; run short, fail," from the source of short (adj.). Transitive meaning "make short" is from late 12c. Meaning "to short-circuit" is by 1904. Related: Shorted; shorting.
short ★ / ʃɔːt ; NAmE ʃɔːrt / adjective , adverb , noun , verb short shorts shorted shorting shorter shortest adjective ★ ( short·er , short·est ) length/distance 长度；距离 1 ★ measuring or covering a small length or distance, or a smaller length or distance than usual 短的 ◆ He had short curly hair. 他有一头短鬈发。 ◆ a short walk 短距离步行 ◆ a short skirt 短裙 OPP long height 高度 2 ★ (of a person 人 ) small in height 个子矮的 ◆ She was short and dumpy. 她又矮又胖。 OPP tall time 时间 3 ★ lasting or taking a small amount of time or less time than usual 短的；短期的；短暂的 ◆ I'm going to France for a short break. 我打算去法国度个短假。 ◆ Which is the shortest day of the year? 一年中哪一天最短？ ◆ a short book (= taking a short time to read, because it does not have many pages) 一本小书 ◆ She has a very short memory (= remembers only things that have happened recently). 她的记性很短暂。 ◆ ( informal) Life's too shortto sit around moping. 人生苦短，不能整天坐在那儿自寻烦闷。 ◆ It was all over in a relatively short space of time. 不一会儿工夫就完全结束了。 OPP long 4 [only before noun ] (of a period of time 一段时间 ) seeming to have passed very quickly 短短的 ◆ Just two short years ago he was the best player in the country. 短短两年前，他还是全国最优秀的运动员。 OPP long not enough 不足 5 ★ [not before noun ] short(of sth) not having enough of sth; lacking sth 不足；短缺 ◆ I'm afraid I'm a little short (= of money)this month. 这个月我恐怕手头有点紧。 ◆ She is not short of excuses when things go wrong. 事情出了差错，她老有借口。 6 shorton sth ( informal) lacking or not having enough of a particular quality 缺乏，缺少（某种品质） ◆ He was a big strapping guy but short on brains. 他五大三粗，但头脑简单。 7 ★ [not before noun ] not easily available; not supplying as much as you need 紧俏；紧缺 ◆ Money was short at that time. 那时候，钱紧缺。 8 [not before noun ] short(of sth) less than the number, amount or distance mentioned or needed 少于；缺少；未达到 ◆ Her last throw was only three centimetres short of the world record. 她的最后一掷距世界纪录只差三厘米。 ◆ The team was five players short. 球队还缺五名球员。 ◆ She was just short of her 90th birthday when she died. 她去世时就快过 90 岁生日了。 of breath 呼吸 9 ~ of breath having difficulty breathing, for example because of illness （呼吸）短促，困难；（气）急 name/word 名称；单词 10 shortfor sth being a shorter form of a name or word 简略的；缩写的 ◆ Call me Jo—it's short for Joanna. 叫我乔好了，这是乔安娜的简称。 ◆ file transfer protocol or FTP for short *file transfer protocol （文件传输协议）或简称 FTP rude 无礼 11 [not before noun ] short(with sb) (of a person 人 ) speaking to sb using few words in a way that seems rude 简单粗暴；简慢无礼 ◆ I'm sorry I was short with you earlier—I had other things on my mind. 对不起，我刚才怠慢你了，我脑子里在想别的事。 vowel 元音 12 ( phonetics 语音 ) a shortvowel is pronounced for a shorter time than other vowels 短音的 ◆ Compare the short vowel in ‘full’ and the long vowel in ‘fool’. 比较 full 中的短元音和 fool 中的长元音。 OPP long ☞see also shortly ▶ short·ness / ʃɔːtnəs ; NAmE ʃɔːrtnəs / noun [uncountable ] ◆ She suffered from shortness of breath. 她患有气急的毛病。 IDIOMS a ˌbrick short of a ˈload, two ˌsandwiches short of a ˈpicnic, etc. ( informal) (of a person 人 ) stupid; not very intelligent 冒傻气的；不大聪明的 get the short end of the ˈstick ( NAmE) ( BrE ˌdraw the short ˈstraw ) to be the person in a group who is chosen or forced to perform an unpleasant duty or task 抽到倒霉签；被派做苦差事 give sb/sth/get short ˈshrift to give sb/get little attention or sympathy 不重视（或同情）；不受重视（或同情） have/be on a short ˈfuse to have a tendency to get angry quickly and easily 动辄发火；性情暴躁；脾气不好 ◆ You may find your temper on a short fuse when confronting your teenager. 对付十几岁的半大孩子，你可能动不动就会生气。 in ˌshort ˈorder quickly and without trouble 麻利；简单省事 in the ˈshort run concerning the immediate future 从短期来看；眼下 ◆ In the short run, unemployment may fall. 从短期来看，失业率可能降低。 in ˌshort supˈply not existing in large enough quantities to satisfy demand 不充裕；短缺；紧缺 ◆ Basic foodstuffs were in short supply. 基本食物紧缺。 ◆ Sunshine will be in short supply for the west coast. 西海岸将不会有充足的阳光。 little/nothing short of ˈsth used when you are saying that sth is almost true, or is equal to sth 可以说是；无异于；近乎 ◆ Last year's figures were little short of disastrous. 去年的数字简直是灾难。 ◆ The transformation has been nothing short of a miracle. 这种变化堪称奇迹。 make short ˈwork of sth/sb to defeat, deal with sth/sb quickly 干净利落地打败（或处理）；三下五除二就打垮（或解决） ◆ Liverpool made short work of the opposition (= in a football/ soccergame). 利物浦队干净利落地击败了对手。 ◆ He made short work of his lunch (= ate it quickly). 他三下两下吃完午饭。 ˌshort and ˈsweet ( informal) pleasant but not lasting a long time 短暂而美好；简明扼要；紧凑 ◆ We haven't much time so I'll keep it short and sweet. 我们时间不多，我就长话短说吧。 ☞more at draw v. , life n. , long adj. , measure n. , notice n. , term n. , thick adj. adverb ( short·er , short·est ) 1 if you go short ofor run short ofsth, you do not have enough of it 缺少；不足 ◆ I'd never let you go short of anything. 我什么都不会让你缺的。 ◆ Mothers regularly go short of food to ensure their children have enough. 为了保证自己的孩子吃饱饭，做母亲的经常忍饥捱饿。 ◆ They had run short of (= used most of their supply of)fuel. 他们燃料不够用了。 2 not as far as you need or expect 未达到；不及 ◆ All too often you pitch the ball short. 你投球老是距离不够。 3 before the time expected or arranged; before the natural time 中间（打断）；过早地（终止） ◆ a career tragically cut shortby illness 因病不幸中断的事业 ◆ I'm afraid I'm going to have to stopyou shortthere, as time is running out. 时间快到了，恐怕我得就此打断你了。 IDIOMS be caught ˈshort ( BrE also be taken ˈshort ) 1 ( BrE) ( informal) to suddenly feel an urgent need to go to the toilet/bathroom 突然感觉要上厕所；内急 2 to be put at a disadvantage 被置于不利地位 come ˈshort ( SAfrE) ( informal) to have an accident; to get into trouble 出事故；遇到麻烦 fall ˈshort of sth to fail to reach the standard that you expected or need 未达到；不符合 ◆ The hotel fell far short of their expectations. 旅馆远没有他们预期的那么好。 short of (doing) sth without sth; without doing sth; unless sth happens 没有；如果不；除非 ◆ Short of a miracle, we're certain to lose. 除非发生奇迹，否则我们输定了。 ◆ Short of asking her to leave (= and we don't want to do that)there's not a lot we can do about the situation. 要是不请她走，我们也就没有多少办法应付这种局面了。 pull, bring, etc. sb up ˈshort to make sb suddenly stop what they are doing 使某人突然停止 ◆ I was brought up short by a terrible thought. 一个可怕的念头闪过，我一下子愣住了。 ☞more at sell v. , stop v. noun ( informal) ☞see also shorts 1 ( BrE) a small strong alcoholic drink, for example of whisky 少量烈酒 2 a short film/movie, especially one that is shown before the main film （尤指在正片前放映的）电影短片 3 ( informal) = short circuit IDIOM in ˈshort in a few words 总之；简言之 ◆ His novels belong to a great but vanished age. They are, in short, old-fashioned. 他的小说属于一个辉煌但已逝去的时代。一句话，已经过时了。 ☞more at long adj. verb [intransitive , transitive ] short(sth) (out) ( informal) = short-circuit short / ʃɔːt ; NAmE ʃɔːrt / short·ness / ʃɔːtnəs ; NAmE ʃɔːrtnəs /
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