hardly
hardly 英 [ˈhɑ:dli] 美 [ˈhɑrdli]
adv. 几乎不，简直不；
There's hardly any tea left. 没有剩什么茶了。
She hardly ever calls me . 她几乎从未给我来过电话。
- The adverb hardly means barely or scarcely at all. If you hardly ever visit your cousins in California, it means you almost never travel to see them.
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- adv. 几乎不，简直不；
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1. There's hardly any tea left.
没有剩什么茶了。
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2. She hardly ever calls me .
她几乎从未给我来过电话。
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3. We hardly know each other.
我们彼此还不大认识呢。
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4. I can hardly keep my eyes open.
我困得都快睁不开眼了。
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5. We can't stop for coffee now, we've hardly started.
现在不能停下来喝咖啡，我们刚刚才开始工作呢。
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6. He is hardly likely to admit he was wrong.
他不大可能承认自己错了。
- hardly (adv.) c. 1200, "in a hard manner, with great exertion or effort," from Old English heardlice "sternly, severely, harshly; bravely; excessively" (see hard (adj.) + -ly (2)). Hence "assuredly, certainly" (early 14c.). Main modern sense of "barely, just" (1540s) reverses this, via the intermediate meaning "not easily, with trouble" (early 15c.). Formerly with superficial negative (not hardly). Similar formation in Old Saxon hardliko, German härtlich, Old Danish haardelig.
hard·ly ★ / ˈhɑːdli ; NAmE ˈhɑːrdli / adverb 1 ★ almost no; almost not; almost none 几乎不；几乎没有 ◆ There's hardly anytea left. 没有剩什么茶了。 ◆ Hardly anyone has bothered to reply. 几乎没人开口回答。 ◆ She hardly evercalls me (= almost never). 她几乎从未给我来过电话。 ◆ We hardly know each other. 我们彼此还不大认识呢。 ◆ Hardly a day goes by withoutmy thinking of her (= I think of her almost every day). 我几乎天天想着她。 2 ★ used especially after ‘can’ or ‘could’ and before the main verb, to emphasize that it is difficult to do sth （尤用于 can 或 could 之后，主要动词之前，强调做某事很难） ◆ I can hardly keep my eyes open (= I'm almost falling asleep). 我困得都快睁不开眼了。 ◆ I could hardly believeit when I read the letter. 读到那封信时，我简直不敢相信。 3 ★ used to say that sth has just begun, happened, etc. 刚刚；才 ◆ We can't stop for coffee now, we've hardly started. 现在不能停下来喝咖啡，我们刚刚才开始工作呢。 ◆ We had hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang. 我们刚坐下用晚餐，电话就响了。 ◆ ( formal) Hardly had she spoken than she regretted it bitterly. 话刚出口，她就后悔不迭。 4 ★ used to suggest that sth is unlikely or unreasonable or that sb is silly for saying or doing sth （表示不大可能、不合理或愚蠢） ◆ He is hardly likely to admit he was wrong. 他不大可能承认自己错了。 ◆ It's hardly surprisingshe was fired; she never did any work. 她被解雇了不足为怪；她从来没干过任何工作。 ◆ It's hardly the timeto discuss it now. 现在并不是讨论的时候。 ◆ You can hardlyexpect her to do it for free. 你不可能指望她无偿地做这事。 ◆ ‘Couldn't you have just said no?’ ‘Well, hardly (= of course not),she's my wife's sister.’ “你不能就说声不吗？”“喔，不可能，她是我小姨子。” ☞note at hard GRAMMAR POINT 语法说明 hardly / scarcely / barely / no sooner ■ Hardly, scarcelyand barelycan all be used to say that something is only just true or possible. They are used with words like anyand anyone,with adjectives and verbs, and are often placed between can, could, have, be,etc. and the main part of the verb. *hardly、scarcely 和 barely 均可指几乎不，与 any 和 anyone 等词以及形容词和动词连用，常置于 can、could、have、be 等和主要动词之间： ◆ They have sold scarcely any copies of the book. 这书他们几乎没卖出几本。 ◆ I barely recognized her. 我几乎认不出她了。 ◆ His words were barely audible. 他的话勉强听得见。 ◆ I can hardly believe it. 我几乎不敢相信。 ◆ I hardly can believe it. ■ Hardly, scarcelyand barelyare negative words and should not be used with notor other negatives. *hardly、scarcely 和 barely 为否定词，不应与 not 或其他否定词连用： ◆ I can’t hardly believe it. ■ You can also use hardly, scarcelyand barelyto say that one thing happens immediately after another. 亦可用 hardly、scarcely 和 barely 表示刚…就…： ◆ We had hardly/scarcely/barely sat down at the table, when the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话铃就响了。 In formal, written English, especially in a literary style, these words can be placed at the beginning of the sentence and then the subject and verb are turned around. 在正式的书面英语中，尤其在文学体中，上述各词可置于句首，然后将主语和动词的位置倒装： ◆ Hardly/Scarcely had we sat down at the table, when the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话铃就响了。 Note that you usually use whenin these sentences, not than.You can also use before. 注意：在这类句子中通常用 when 而非 than，亦可用 before： ◆ I scarcely had time to ring the bell before the door opened. 我刚一按门铃，门就开了。 No soonercan be used in the same way, but is always used with than. *no sooner 与上述词用法相同，但总与 than 连用： ◆ No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话铃就响了。 ■ Hardlyand scarcelycan be used to mean ‘almost never’, but barelyis not used in this way. *hardly 和 scarcely 可表示几乎从不、难得，但 barely 不这样用： ◆ She hardly (ever) sees her parents these days. 这些日子她难得见到她父母。 ◆ She barely sees her parents these days. hard·ly / ˈhɑːdli ; NAmE ˈhɑːrdli /
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