gall
gall 英 [gɔ:l] 美 [ɡɔl]
n. 胆汁；五倍子；怨恨；苦味 vt. 烦恼；屈辱；磨伤 vi. 被磨伤
进行时:galling 过去式:galled 过去分词:galled 第三人称单数:galls 名词复数:galls
- Gall describes something irritating, like someone very rude. If you barge into a bakery and cut in front of a sweet old lady, then you have gall.
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- n. 胆汁；五倍子；怨恨；苦味
- vt. 烦恼；屈辱；磨伤
- vi. 被磨伤
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1. He's as bitter as gall at your desertion and its consequences: don't expect thanks for this noble devotion.
他对于你的遗弃和这后果是怨恨透啦；对于你这种高尚的爱情不要期待感谢吧。
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2. The bile, taken from the bears' gall bladders, is used in some Chinese medicines that claim to cure eye and liver ailments.
在黑熊活体内提取的熊胆汁，会被用于生产某些中药，这些中药宣称能治疗眼睛和肝脏的疾患。
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3. In February, Vietnamese authorities seized a record haul of illegally harvested wildlife products, including two tons of tiger bones, bear paws and gall bladders.
二月份越南官方缴获的非法捕获野生动物数量创下了纪录，其中包括两吨虎骨、熊掌和胆汁。
- gall (n.1) "bile, liver secretion," Old English galla (Anglian), gealla (West Saxon) "gall, bile," from Proto-Germanic *gallon "bile" (source also of Old Norse gall "gall, bile; sour drink," Old Saxon galle, Old High German galla, German Galle), from PIE root *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives denoting "green, yellow," and thus "bile, gall." Informal sense of "impudence, boldness" first recorded American English 1882; but meaning "embittered spirit, rancor" is from c. 1200, from the medieval theory of humors.
- gall (n.2) "sore on skin caused by rubbing or chafing," Old English gealla "painful swelling, sore spot on a horse," probably from Latin galla "gall, lump on plant," originally "oak-gall" (see gall (n.3)). Perhaps from or influenced by gall (n.1) on notion of "poison-sore." Meaning "bare spot in a field" (1570s) is probably the same word. German galle, Dutch gal also are said to be from Latin.
- gall (n.3) "excrescence on a plant caused by the deposit of insect eggs," especially on an oak leaf, late 14c., from Latin galla "oak-gall," which is of uncertain origin. They were harvested for use in medicines, inks, dyes.
- gall (v.) "to make sore by chafing," mid-15c., from gall (n.2). Earlier "to have sores, be sore" (early 14c.). Figurative sense of "harass, vex, irritate, chafe the spirit of," is from 1570s. A past-participle adjective gealled is found in Old English, but OED says this is from the noun. Related: Galled; galling.
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