- If you usually drink your coffee with lots of cream and sugar in it, you might be surprised at how bitter plain black coffee can taste. Bitter means "having a sharp or harsh flavor."
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- adj. 苦的；痛苦的；尖刻的；
- n. 苦味；
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1. It tastes bitter.
它尝起来是苦的
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2. a long and bitter dispute
漫长的激烈争论
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3. She is very bitter about losing her job.
她丢掉了工作，心里很不服气。
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4. I've learnt from bitter experience not to trust what he says.
我已从痛苦的经验中得到了教训，不再相信他的话。
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5. A pint of bitter, please.
请来一品脱苦啤酒。
- bitter (adj.) Old English biter "having a harsh taste, sharp, cutting; angry, full of animosity; cruel," from Proto-Germanic *bitras- (source also of Old Saxon bittar, Old Norse bitr, Dutch bitter, Old High German bittar, German bitter, Gothic baitrs "bitter"), from suffixed form of PIE root *bheid- "to split" (source also of Old English bitan "to bite;" see bite (v.)). Evidently the meaning drifted in prehistoric times from "biting, of pungent taste," to "acrid-tasting." Used figuratively in Old English of states of mind and words. Related: Bitterly.
bit·ter ★ / ˈbɪtə(r) ; NAmE ˈbɪtər / adjective , noun bitter bitters bitterer bitterest adjective ★ HELP More bitterand most bitterare the usual comparative and superlative forms, but bitterestcan also be used. *more bitter 和 most bitter 是常用的比较级和最高级形式，但也可以用 bitterest。 1 ★ (of arguments, disagreements, etc. 争论、分歧等 ) very serious and unpleasant, with a lot of anger and hatred involved 激烈而不愉快的；充满愤怒与仇恨的 ◆ a long and bitter dispute 漫长的激烈争论 2 ★ (of people 人 ) feeling angry and unhappy because you feel that you have been treated unfairly 愤愤不平的 ◆ She is very bitter about losing her job. 她丢掉了工作，心里很不服气。 3 ★ [usually before noun ] making you feel very unhappy; caused by great unhappiness 令人不快的；使人悲痛的；由痛苦引起的 ◆ to weep/shed bitter tears 伤心落泪 ◆ Losing the match was a bitter disappointmentfor the team. 输掉这场比赛对这个队来说是一件伤心失望的事。 ◆ I've learnt from bitter experiencenot to trust what he says. 我已从痛苦的经验中得到了教训，不再相信他的话。 4 ★ (of food, etc. 食物等 ) having a strong, unpleasant taste; not sweet 味苦的 ◆ Black coffee leaves a bitter taste in the mouth. 清咖啡在嘴里留下苦味。 ☞compare sweet (1 ) 5 ★ (of weather conditions 天气 ) extremely cold and unpleasant 严寒的 ◆ bitter cold 严寒 ◆ a bitter wind 刺骨寒风 ◆ It's really bitter out today. 今天户外的确很冷。 ▶ bit·ter·ness / ˈbɪtənəs ; NAmE ˈbɪtərnəs / noun [uncountable ] ◆ The pay cut caused bitterness among the staff. 降低工资使职员们十分愤懑。 ◆ The flowers of the hop plant add bitterness to the beer. 忽布花可增加啤酒的苦味。 IDIOMS a bitter ˈpill (for sb) (to swallow) a fact or an event that is unpleasant and difficult to accept 严酷的现实；（难以咽下的）苦果 to/until the bitter ˈend continuing until you have done everything you can, or until sth is completely finished, despite difficulties and problems （不怕艰苦）坚持到底，奋斗到底 ◆ They were prepared to fight to the bitter end for their rights. 他们甘愿为自己的权利斗争到底。 noun ( BrE) 1 [uncountable , countable ] a type of beer with a dark colour and a strong bitter taste, that is very popular in Britain 苦啤酒（在英国很受欢迎） ◆ A pint of bitter, please. 请来一品脱苦啤酒。 ☞compare mild n. 2 bitters [uncountable + singular or plural verb ] a strong bitter alcoholic liquid that is made from plants and added to other alcoholic drinks to give flavour 苦酒原汁（从植物中提取的苦酒精液体，可增加其他酒精饮料的味道） ◆ gin with a dash of bitters 掺了少量苦酒汁的杜松子酒 SYNONYMS 同义词辨析 bitter pungent ◆sour ◆acrid ◆sharp ◆acid These words all describe a strong, unpleasant taste or smell. 以上各词均形容味道或气味强烈、令人不适。 ■ bitter (of a taste or smell) strong and usually unpleasant; (of food or drink) having a bitter taste 指（味道或气味）强烈的、令人不适的，（食物或饮料）味苦的 ■ pungent (of a smell or taste) strong and usually unpleasant; (of food or smoke) having a pungent smell or taste 指（气味或味道）强烈的、令人不适的，（食物）味苦的，（烟）呛人的、刺鼻的： ◆ the pungent smell of burning rubber 烧橡胶的刺鼻气味 ■ sour (of a taste) bitter like the taste of a lemon or of fruit that is not ripe; (of food or drink) having a sour taste 指（味道）酸的，（食物或饮料）有酸味的： ◆ Too much pulp produces a sour wine. 过多的果肉会让酒变酸。 ■ acrid (of a smell or taste) strong and unpleasant; (of smoke) having an acrid smell 指（气味或味道）刺激的、难闻的，（烟）呛人的、刺鼻的： ◆ acrid smoke from burning tyres 燃烧轮胎产生的熏烟 ■ sharp (of a taste or smell) strong and slightly bitter; (of food or drink) having a sharp taste 指（味道或气味）强烈而略苦的、刺鼻的，（食物或饮料）味苦的、辛辣的： ◆ The cheese has a distinctively sharp taste. 这奶酪味道很冲。 ■ acid (of a taste or smell) bitter, like the taste of a lemon or of fruit that is not ripe; (of food or drink) having an acid taste 指（味道）酸的，（气味）有刺激性的，（食物或饮料）有酸味的 which word? 词语辨析 A bittertaste is usually unpleasant, but some people enjoy the bitter flavour of coffee or chocolate. No other word can describe this flavour. A sharpor pungentflavour is more strong than unpleasant, especially when describing cheese. Sharp, sourand acidall describe the taste of a lemon or a fruit that is not ripe. An acridsmell is strong and unpleasant, especially the smell of smoke or burning, but not the smell of food. *bitter 指味道通常为苦的、令人不快的，有人却喜欢咖啡或巧克力的苦味。没有其他词可用来形容这种味道。sharp 或 pungent 主要强调味道强烈而非令人不快，在描述奶酪的味道时尤其如此。sharp、sour 和 acid 均形容柠檬或未熟水果的酸味。acrid 指气味强烈而令人不快，尤指烟味或燃烧产生的气味，但不用于指食物的气味。 PATTERNS ◆ a(n) bitter/pungent/sour/acrid/sharp/acid taste / taste ◆ a(n) bitter/pungent/acrid/sharp/acid smell / smell ◆ a(n) bitter/sour/sharp/acid fruit ◆ pungent/sharp cheese ◆ pungent/acrid smoke bit·ter / ˈbɪtə(r) ; NAmE ˈbɪtər / bit·ter·ness / ˈbɪtənəs ; NAmE ˈbɪtərnəs /
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