should
should 英 [ʃʊd] 美 [ʃʊd]
aux. 应该；就
You shouldn't drink and drive. 你不该酒后驾车。
You should stop worrying about it. 你该不要再为此事担忧了。
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- aux. 应该；就
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1. You shouldn't drink and drive.
你不该酒后驾车。
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2. You should stop worrying about it.
你该不要再为此事担忧了。
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3. I shouldwait a little longer, if I were you.
假如我是你的话，我会再等一会儿。
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4. We should arrive before dark.
我们天黑以前应该能赶到。
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5. If you should change your mind, do let me know.
假如你改变主意的话，一定要告诉我。
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6. ‘Will it matter?’ ‘ I shouldn't think so.’
“这有关系吗？”“不会吧。”
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7. You should have seen it!
你应该看见的！
- should c. 1200, from Old English sceolde, past tense of sceal (see shall). Preserves the original notion of "obligation" that has all but dropped from shall.
should ★ / ʃəd ; NAmE ʃəd / / strong form ʃʊd strong form ʃʊd / modal verb ( negative should not , short form shouldn't / ˈʃʊdnt ; NAmE ˈʃʊdnt / ) 1 ★ used to show what is right, appropriate, etc, especially when criticizing sb's actions （尤用于纠正别人）应该，应当 ◆ You shouldn't drink and drive. 你不该酒后驾车。 ◆ He should have been more careful. 他应当更小心点儿才是。 ◆ A present for me? You shouldn't have! (= used to thank sb politely) 给我的礼物？您太客气了！ 2 ★ used for giving or asking for advice （提出或征询建议）该，可以 ◆ You should stop worrying about it. 你该不要再为此事担忧了。 ◆ Should I call him and apologize? 我是不是应该打电话向他道歉？ ◆ I shouldwait a little longer, if I were you. 假如我是你的话，我会再等一会儿。 ◆ ( ironic) ‘She doesn't think she'll get a job.’ ‘She should worry, with all her qualifications (= she does not need to worry).’ “她担心找不到工作。”“她那么好的条件，担心什么呀。” 3 ★ used to say that you expect sth is true or will happen （表示预期）应该会，可能 ◆ We should arrive before dark. 我们天黑以前应该能赶到。 ◆ I should have finished the book by Friday. 到星期五我应该能读完那本书。 ◆ The roads should be less crowded today. 今天路上该不那么拥挤了吧。 4 ★ used to say that sth that was expected has not happened （表示与预期相反）本应，本当 ◆ It should be snowing now, according to the weather forecast. 按天气预报，现在该下雪才是。 ◆ The bus should have arrived ten minutes ago. 公共汽车十分钟以前就该到了。 5 ( BrE) ( formal) used after Ior weinstead of wouldfor describing what you would do if sth else happened first （与 I 或 we 连用代替 would，表示虚拟结果）就将 ◆ If I were asked to work on Sundays, I should resign. 要是叫我星期天加班，我就辞职不干了。 6 ( formal) used to refer to a possible event or situation （表示可能）假如，万一 ◆ If you should change your mind, do let me know. 假如你改变主意的话，一定要告诉我。 ◆ In case you should need any help, here's my number. 万一你需要帮助的话，这是我的电话号码。 ◆ Should anyone call (= if anyone calls),please tell them I'm busy. 如果有人打电话来，请告诉他我正忙着。 7 ★ used as the past form of shallwhen reporting what sb has said （在间接引语中用作 shall 的过去时） ◆ He asked me what time he should come. (= His words were: ‘What time shall I come?’) 他问我他应该什么时候来。 ◆ ( BrE) ( formal) I said (that) I should be glad to help. 我说我乐意帮忙。 8 ★ ( BrE) used after thatwhen sth is suggested or arranged （用于 that 引导的、表示建议或安排的从句中） ◆ She recommended that I should take some time off. 她建议我应该休息一段时间。 ◆ In order that training should be effective it must be planned systematically. 为使培训有成效，必须有系统的计划。 HELP In both NAmEand BrEthis idea can be expressed without ‘should’. 在美式英语和英式英语中，表达这一意思均可省掉 should： ◆ She recommended that I take some time off. ◆ In order that training be effective… 9 used after thatafter many adjectives that describe feelings （用于许多表示感情的形容词后的 that 从句中） ◆ I'm anxious that we should allow plenty of time. 我殷切希望我们能留出充裕的时间。 ◆ I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you. 他竟然对你这样无礼，真叫我吃惊。 10 ( BrE) ( formal) used with Iand wein polite requests （与 I 和 we 连用，表示客气地请求） ◆ I should like to call my lawyer. 我希望给我的律师打个电话。 ◆ We should be grateful for your help. 对您的帮助我会非常感激。 11 ★ used with Iand weto give opinions that you are not certain about （与 I 和 we 连用，表示没有把握） ◆ I should imagine it will take about three hours. 我想得用差不多三个小时吧。 ◆ ‘Is this enough food for everyone?’ ‘ I should think so.’ “这些食物够所有人吃吗？”“我觉得够了吧。” ◆ ‘Will it matter?’ ‘ I shouldn't think so.’ “这有关系吗？”“不会吧。” 12 used for expressing strong agreement （表示十分赞同） ◆ ‘I know it's expensive but it will last for years.’ ‘ I should hope so too!’ “我知道价钱贵，但能用好多年。”“我也是这么想的！” ◆ ‘Nobody will oppose it.’ ‘ I should think not!’ “谁也不会反对的。”“我想也是！” 13 why, how, who, what ~ sb/sth do used to refuse sth or to show that you are annoyed at a request; used to express surprise about an event or a situation （表示拒绝、恼怒或惊奇） ◆ Why should I help him? He's never done anything for me. 我干吗要帮他呢？他从来没为我做过什么。 ◆ How should I know where you've left your bag? 我怎么知道你把包丢在哪儿了？ ◆ I got on the bus and who should be sitting in front of me but Tony! 我上了公共汽车，没想到坐在我前面的竟然是托尼！ 14 used to tell sb that sth would amuse or surprise them if they saw or experienced it （表示假如对方看见或经历某事物，一定会感兴趣或吃惊）真该，真应当 ◆ You should have seen her face when she found out! 你真该看看她发现事情真相时脸上的表情！ ☞note at modal GRAMMAR POINT 语法说明 should / ought / had better ■ Shouldand ought toare both used to say that something is the best thing or the right thing to do, but shouldis much more common. *should 和 ought to 均用以表示应该做某事，不过 should 常用得多： ◆ You should take the baby to the doctor’s. 你应该把这婴儿带去看看医生。 ◆ I ought to give up smoking. 我应该戒烟。 In questions, shouldis usually used instead of ought to. 在疑问句中，通常用 should 而不是 ought to： ◆ Should we call the doctor? 我们叫医生来好吗？ ■ Had bettercan also be used to say what is the best thing to do in a situation that is happening now. *had better 亦可用以表示在目前状况下最好做某事： ◆ We’d better hurry or we’ll miss the train. 我们最好快点，否则就赶不上火车了。 ■ You form the past by using should haveor ought to have. 过去时用 should have 或 ought to have 构成： ◆ She should have asked for some help. 她本应该请求帮助的。 ◆ You ought to have been more careful. 你本应该更小心一点的。 ■ The forms should notor shouldn’t(and ought not toor oughtn’t to,which are rare in NAmEand formal in BrE) are used to say that something is a bad idea or the wrong thing to do. *should not 或 shouldn't （以及在美式英语中很少见，在英式英语中为正式用法的 ought not to 或 oughtn't to）表示不应该： ◆ You shouldn’t drive so fast. 你不应该把车开得这么快。 ■ The forms should not haveor shouldn’t haveand, much less frequently, ought not to haveor oughtn’t to haveare used to talk about the past. *should not have 或 shouldn't have 以及很少用的 ought not to have 或 oughtn't to have 均用于指过去： ◆ I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have lost my temper. 对不起，我不该发脾气。 GRAMMAR POINT 语法说明 should / would ■ In modern English, the traditional difference between shouldand wouldin reported sentences, conditions, requests, etc. has disappeared and shouldis not used very much at all. In spoken English the short form 'dis usually used. 在现代英语中，should 或 would 在间接引述中、在表示条件、请求等句子中的传统区别已不复存在； should 基本上不怎么用，在英语口语中常用简约式 'd 表示： ◆ I said I’d (I would) be late. 我说我要迟到了。 ◆ He’d (he would) have liked to have been an actor. 他本来想当演员。 ◆ I’d (I would) really prefer tea. 我倒是更喜欢喝茶。 ■ The main use of shouldnow is to tell somebody what they ought to do, to give advice, or to add emphasis. 现在 should 主要用于告诉某人应该做什么、给予忠告或加强语气： ◆ We should really go and visit them soon. 我们的确应该马上去看看他们。 ◆ You should have seen it! 你应该看见的！ should / ʃəd ; NAmE ʃəd / shouldn't / ˈʃʊdnt ; NAmE ˈʃʊdnt /
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