renal
renal 英 ['riːn(ə)l] 美 ['rinl]
adj. [解剖] 肾脏的，[解剖] 肾的
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- adj. [解剖] 肾脏的，[解剖] 肾的
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1. They must be monitored in the long term to ensure that their renal function will not be impaired.
必须对这些小孩进行长期监控才能确定他们的肾脏功能是否受到损伤。
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2. Impaction of a stone at any of these sites causes severe pain, known as renal colic, usually felt in the abdomen or side, and often tracking down to the groin.
结石在这其中任何一个地方压挤都会引起剧痛，也就是肾绞痛，通常位于腹部或侧面而且经常会延伸到腹股沟。
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3. But in Africa, the complications of these diseases, such as stroke, cardiac and renal failure, and certain forms of cancer, occur at younger ages and in larger populations.
但在非洲，这些疾病的并发症，例如中风、心脏和肾脏衰竭以及某种类型的癌症，在更小的年龄和更广泛的人群中发生。
- renal (adj.) 1650s, from French rénal and directly from Late Latin renalis "of or belonging to kidneys," from Latin ren (plural renes) "kidneys," a word of of uncertain etymology, with possible cognates in Old Irish aru "kidney, gland," Welsh arenn "kidney, testicle," Hittite hah(ha)ari "lung(s), midriff." Also possibly related are Old Prussian straunay, Lithuanian strėnos "loins," Latvian streina "loins." "The semantic shift from 'loins' to 'kidneys' is quite conceivable" [de Vaan].
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